Establish a reasonable breeding program for chickens
2020-12-03
Newborn chick selection
Select and retain healthy and
sturdy chicks that meet the appearance characteristics of this breed or new breed (line) breeding requirements, observe the feather speed and select and keep as required. On this basis, each family of high-quality broiler females, local characteristic laying hens, and roosters developed in the direction of local eggs will only select the offspring of 3~4 hens that lay more eggs, and each family has a lot of cock seedlings At 20; the offspring of the remaining hens are male and female, and only the female seedlings are retained.
Brooding selection
Fast high-quality broiler sire lines should be selected at 35 days of age, fast high-quality broiler female lines, medium-speed high-quality broiler chickens, meat-used local chicken breeds, new breeds of local characteristic layer chickens, and local egg-use direction development selection should be 42 days old; The development of the meat direction of egg-type and dual-use local chicken breeds, and the slow-speed high-quality broilers should be selected at the age of 2 weeks or 91 days before the market.
For high-quality broiler female lines, new breeds of local characteristic layer hens, and local chicken breeds, select 5 to 6 offspring roosters whose parents have more eggs and whose weight is close to the average weight of the entire group of roosters in each family; Keep all seeds, no less than 2,000.
For high-quality broiler sire lines, the feed conversion rate can be determined immediately after selection during the brooding period, and 150 roosters and 1,000 hens with high feed conversion rates can be selected.
18-week-old selection at the end of the rearing period
Select individuals with healthy, compact coat, firm bones, large and bright red crown and beard, moderate weight, plumage color, skin color, plantar color, and crown shape that meet the characteristics of this species or the breeding requirements of the new line.
Choose 4 to 5 roosters for each family bred by family. No less than 120 roosters that are not bred by family are required to have good sexual reflex; all hens that meet the above requirements are kept for breeding.
Cock sexual maturity options
Fast-type high-quality broiler roosters are selected at the age of 24 to 25 weeks, and other breeds (lines) are selected at the age of 22 to 23 weeks. Choose to keep 3~4 roosters for each family bred according to family, and keep 100 roosters for those bred by family. The breeding roosters are required to have a large amount of semen, milky white color, high sperm density and high vitality.
Laying period selection
For high-quality broiler female lines, new strains of local characteristic layer hens, and local chicken breeds, the choice of egg direction should be based on the number of individual eggs at 40 weeks of age, the average number of eggs produced by the family, and the average number of eggs produced by the whole group. The number of eggs laid by individuals in a family that is higher than the average number of eggs in the entire group is higher than that of the family, and the average number of eggs in the family selected is lower than the average number of eggs in the group. Individuals with an average number of eggs of 10 or more. Or based on the average egg number of 40-week-old families and the average egg number of the whole group, select all families whose average egg number of the family is higher than the average egg number of the whole group.
For high-quality broiler sire lines and local chicken breeds that have not formed a family, 60 to 80 roosters and 600 to 800 hens are selected according to body weight, body condition and appearance characteristics. For high-quality broiler hens, local characteristic laying hen strains, and local chicken breeds, choose the direction of egg use, and select 2 roosters and 600 to 800 hens for each family according to the number of siblings from high to low.
