Preparation before brooding
2020-12-04
1 Preparations to be made before entering the chicks
Prepare feeding equipment, such as heating, insulation umbrellas, coal stove heating, fire kang heating, drinking fountains, "V"-shaped sinks, buckets, and feeding troughs. Choose a suitable breeding method, so as to prepare a variety of raw materials. Prepare commonly used drugs, such as gentamicin, ampicillin, enrofloxacin, electrolytic multivitamin, and glucose. Open the doors and windows of the fumigated and disinfected chicken house 4 days before entering the chicks, and ventilate them to expel odors. Then use disinfectant spray to disinfect. The day before the chicks, close the doors and windows, raise the temperature of the furnace, and raise the temperature to about 35°C. Hang a wet and dry thermometer at two different positions, the height of the mercury bulb is parallel to the chick's back.
Disinfect the chicken house. After the old chickens are eliminated or transferred to the group, immediately remove all the equipment in the brooding house out of the house. Remove all chicken manure, litter, old feed, and debris immediately. Clean room beams, ceilings, walls, feeding equipment, drinking water equipment, vents, fan shutters, floors, storage rooms and barrels, etc. Use the high-pressure water produced by the high-pressure water pump to wash the ground, walls, sky walls, ceilings, doors and windows. Conditional chicken farms can use flame spray to disinfect chicken coops and the ground.
Use 2%~3% caustic soda and 10% quicklime milk to spray disinfection 2 times with 1500 ml/m2 liquid, and the 2 times will be separated by 1~2 days until the wall is sprayed white. Move the cleaned utensils and various equipment into the chicken house and put them in place. Press formalin 42ml/m3, potassium permanganate 21g/m3, fumigate and disinfect closed doors and windows for 24 hours, and ventilate the next day. While the chicken coop is being cleaned, all the supplies in the dormitory and workshop of the breeder must be taken out for washing, disinfection or exposure. The interval between old chickens leaving the house and new chicks moving in is better than 1 month.
Strictly implement the dosage to ensure the disinfection effect. Strictly implement the amount of medicine used per unit area. Generally, 2% caustic soda is used for disinfection of chicken houses in farms, and a solution of 1500 ml/m2 is used to disinfect chickens. Use 0.1% peracetic acid and 0.01% "Junduqing" (sulfuric acid). Colistin), the dosage is 200 ml/m². In order to ensure the disinfection effect, the garbage and dead spots in the chicken farm must be cleaned in advance. It must be sprayed evenly during disinfection. Generally, the field area will be disinfected once in 15-20 days, and the chicken coop will be disinfected once in the second to third day. When cleaning the chicken coop, it must be sprayed 2~3 times at an interval of 2~3 days, and pay attention to keeping the chickens. The house is dry. Conditional chicken farms can regularly monitor the bacterial content of litter, air, and walls so as to know the disinfection effect at any time. The open space around the brooding house, underground sewage ditches, manure tanks (fields), roads, and staff dormitories and offices must be cleaned and disinfected together.
2 Problems that should be paid attention to when transporting chicken fry
During the transportation of chicks from the hatchery to the feeding farm, good transportation conditions and maintenance are important measures to ensure the health of the chicks and reduce the number of dead and injured chickens. Therefore, the following issues should be paid attention to: ①The selection of vehicles is in good condition, and has good insulation and ventilation performance. , Vehicles that can be protected from rain and sun, vehicles, boxes and tools should be washed and disinfected. ② Escorts and drivers should choose to understand professional skills. It is necessary to observe the condition of the chicks during transportation at any time and promptly solve all kinds of undesirable problems that suddenly appear, especially in the case of rugged roads, large vibrations, high temperatures or severe cold. ③When loading the car, leave an air duct of at least 10 cm between each chicken box, and leave a space of at least 20 cm between the chicken box and the car box to facilitate ventilation and ventilation. ④Ventilation work should be done in the high temperature season. Avoid high temperature during transportation. Open the front and rear windows and side windows, and adjust the opening procedures to control the air intake at any time. Avoid temperature drops at night to cool the chickens. The sign that the vehicle ventilation is well controlled is that the fluff of the chicks in the vehicle will not fly everywhere, the uncomfortable screams of the chicks cannot be heard, the escort personnel cannot smell the peculiar smell in the vehicle, and the wind blows on people and feels soft. Do not park for a long time during transportation in high temperature seasons. If the vehicle breaks down or needs to have a meal, move the vehicle to the shade, open the doors and windows, and leave it under special supervision. When the parking time exceeds 20-30 minutes, take the box to change or evacuate. Way. ⑤Ventilation should be done in cold season transportation under the premise of good heat preservation. To this end, a layer of insulation materials, such as warm quilts, cotton blankets, etc., can be laid on the bottom of the car box. During transportation, the method of controlling the size of the side window of the carriage can be used to deliver fresh air, and convection or ventilation should not be used. For example, open windows for a few minutes at regular intervals, and adjust the size of side windows to coordinate the relationship between temperature and ventilation.
3 basic requirements for brooding
Use a coal stove or brooding umbrella to ensure that the house temperature reaches about 35℃, and the relative humidity is maintained at about 60%~65%. First, use 1:2000 potassium permanganate water to drink water for the chickens to clean up the intestinal bacteria, after 2~3 Start eating after hours, sprinkle the feed on kraft paper or old newspapers, let the chickens eat freely, feed frequently and add less, after drinking potassium permanganate water, drink 2% glucose and vitamin C water, and then Add ampicillin and gentamicin to prevent chicken E. coli and pullorum. The brooding temperature should not exceed 35℃, and should not be high and low. The chicks are evenly distributed. Provide light for 22 hours in the first 7 days of brooding, 3~5 watt bulbs per square meter, and carefully observe whether the chicks are caused by temperature, feed and water. The problem of languidness, panting, and collapse of the young chicks indicates that the brooding temperature is too high, and the young chicks squeeze into a ball and call to indicate that the temperature is too low. The beak should be 7-9 days old. Vitamin K3 should be added to the feed before and after the beak is broken and the feed should be drunk with electrolytic multivitamin and ciprofloxacin for 3 days.
