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The influence of temperature and humidity on brooding

2020-11-04

Because the breeder lacks relevant knowledge, does not understand the growth and development characteristics of the chicks and the importance of the brooding temperature, and does not take effective measures to make the brooding reach a higher brooding temperature, which affects the growth and development of the chicks. Newborn chicks have low body temperature, sparse body surface hairs, poor body temperature regulation function, weak adaptability to environmental temperature and humidity, and need to manually provide suitable temperature and humidity. Whether the temperature is appropriate or not directly affects the chick's activities, feeding, drinking, and nutrient digestion and absorption, and is related to the health and development of the chicks. If the chicks are in a high temperature and low humidity environment, it will not only affect the absorption of egg yolk. Moreover, it affects the growth of feathers. When the environmental humidity is too high, the litter and feed are prone to mold, and viruses and germs are prone to multiply and further induce coccidiosis and other diseases. But in the brooding process, the temperature and humidity are not easy to control, and it is easy to be too low or fluctuating high and low, which seriously affects the brooding effect and brings greater losses.

The brooding period refers to the period when the chicks are 0-4 weeks old (fast-growing broilers), 0-5 weeks old (high-quality broilers), and 0-6 weeks old (layers). It is the period when the chicks are in an artificially controlled environment. The period of feeding. Brooding is the most critical stage in the raising of chickens. The quality of feeding and management during the brooding period will determine the growth and development of its life. Temperature is the first hurdle for the success or failure of brooding. Whether the temperature is suitable or not directly affects the chicks' activities, feeding, drinking and nutrient absorption, and is related to the health and development of the chicks. The body temperature of newborn chicks is lower than that of adult chicks, their hair is thinner, their heat preservation and cold resistance are poor, and their self-regulatory function is not sound, and proper brooding environment temperature must be artificially given to maintain normal life activities and healthy growth of chicks. Therefore, the environmental temperature is the primary condition for brooding and a key link in brooding. It must be strictly and correctly controlled. Humidity is the most important part of the brooding process. The level of humidity directly affects the growth and development of chicks. Newly-hatched chicks with too little humidity enter the dry brooding room. The body water of the chicks is released with respiration, and the remaining egg yolk in the abdomen is malabsorbed. Drinking too much water is prone to diarrhea, the chicks have brittle down hair, loss of appetite, indigestion, and slow feather growth. Chickens are susceptible to respiratory diseases, and when severely dehydrated, it is difficult to raise chickens. Therefore, whether the temperature and humidity are suitable will seriously affect the growth and development of the chicks, and directly affect the normal development and egg production level of the chickens throughout the growth period.

Under different brooding temperatures, as the temperature decreases, the body weight and feed conversion rate of the chicks gradually decrease, while the mortality and morbidity rates gradually increase, with significant differences. This is mainly because lowering the temperature during the brooding period reduces the weight and feed conversion rate of the chicks, the growth and development of the chicks are blocked, the weight of the chickens cannot reach the standard, the growth and development are uneven, and the uniformity is poor, which affects the quality of the new hens and the future production performance. Improved resistance and significantly decreased resistance, leading to increased mortality.
 
The survival rate and mortality of chicks under different humidity are obviously different, because the room temperature during the brooding period is higher, and increasing the relative humidity can prevent the chicks from dehydration due to high temperature and affect normal growth and development. Increasing the relative humidity can reduce the dry environment in the chicken house due to high temperature and prevent the occurrence of respiratory diseases in chickens. Increasing the relative humidity can promote the absorption of the yolk sac of the chicks, which is beneficial to the growth and development of the chicks. It can be seen that proper humidity can promote the growth and development of chicks, improve disease resistance, reduce diseases, and increase the survival rate of chicks.

     (1) Through the comparison of experiments, it is shown that the temperature is appropriate, the chicks are active and active, the appetite is strong, the drinking is moderate, the sleep is quiet, the sleeping posture is stretched and comfortable, the chickens are evacuated, and they are evenly prone. If the temperature is too high, the mortality rate of the chicks will increase. The chicks will open their mouths and pant, spread away from the heat source and be lazy, spread their wings to dissipate heat, move around the wall, reduce feed intake, reduce feed conversion rate by 0.45%, increase drinking water, and easily cause diarrhea and death The rate increases. When the temperature is too low, the chicks' nape feathers shrink, sleep restlessly at night, and often make "chickle" calls. The flocks of chickens intensively move closer to the heat source, squeeze each other, and pile up one after another, causing the chicks to stunt and even die by suffocation. Chicks are susceptible to colds due to diarrhea due to freezing; digestion and absorption are impaired, the yolk is malabsorbed, they cannot rest well, their constitution is weak, and they even die. A sudden drop in brooding temperature can cause severe vascular reactions, circulatory failure, and death of suffocation. When the low temperature or the temperature fluctuates, the physiological metabolism of the chicks is imbalanced, which seriously affects the antibody level and resistance of the chicks, and is prone to Marek's disease after the start of labor; if the temperature is too low, the infection rate and incidence of pullorum will be greatly increased. Chicks are weak in adaptability to low temperature. Chicks aged 7 to 8 days old will die within a few hours after a low temperature of 10°C to 13°C combined with higher humidity. Even 30-day-old chicks will die in large numbers when they encounter low temperatures below 15°C.
      (2) A 2-week comparative test shows that increasing the relative humidity during the brooding period has a certain effect on the survival rate of brooding. Increasing the relative humidity can promote the absorption of chicks' oocysts, which is beneficial to the growth and development of chicks. Because the room temperature is higher during the brooding period, increasing the relative humidity can prevent the chicks from dehydration due to high temperature. However, if the humidity is too high, the harmful gas will increase, which is conducive to the survival of pathogenic microorganisms and the development of parasite eggs, which will induce coccidiosis, aspergillosis, etc., making chickens susceptible to various diseases.
      (3) Too small humidity directly affects the health and growth of chicks. The newly-hatched chicks with too little humidity enter the dry brooding room. The body water of the chicks is released with breathing. The remaining egg yolk in the abdomen is malabsorbed, drinking too much water, and prone to diarrhea. The chicks are brittle, lose appetite, and digest. Poor, feathers grow slowly. Chicks are susceptible to cold, suffering from respiratory diseases and poor feather development.
      (4) Attach great importance to brooding temperature. Temperature not only affects the body temperature regulation, digestion and absorption, intake and drinking of chicks, but also affects the resistance of chicks. Temperature is the most important condition for brooding. As long as the proper temperature can be maintained, brooding is easy. Therefore, we must attach great importance to the brooding temperature, and actively take measures to ensure the appropriate brooding temperature. Strengthen the design and careful construction of the thermal insulation performance of the brooding house. The thermal insulation performance of the brooding house not only affects the maintenance and stability of the brooding temperature, but also affects the level of fuel costs. In production, some brooding houses are too simple, a lot of heat is dissipated outside the house, and the brooding temperature is difficult to reach and maintain. The roof and walls are the easiest parts of the brooding house to dissipate heat. In order to achieve a certain thickness, insulation materials should be selected, the structure should be reasonable, and the roof should be set up with a ceiling. The ceiling can be made of plastic cloth, color striped cloth and other materials with good heat insulation performance, cheap and convenient. The brooding house should avoid the narrow and long valleys or the windy areas in winter, because the winter wind in these places is windy and the temperature in the house is not easy to stabilize.
      (5) In order to reduce the stress caused to the chicks from the incubator to the chicken house, the ideal condition is that the relative humidity in the chicken house should reach about 70% in the first 7 days. If the relative humidity is lower than 50% in the first week, The chicks will start to become dehydrated and their physiological development will be negatively affected. You can put a kettle on the stove in the chicken house, spray hot water in the house and other methods to increase the humidity, 8-20 days, the relative humidity will drop to about 65%. After 20 days of age, due to the increase in feed intake, water consumption, and excretion of chicks, the brooding house is prone to damp, so it is necessary to strengthen ventilation, replace wet bedding and clean up manure to ensure that the relative humidity in the house is 50%-60%. should.

 

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For more farming information, please follow our website: https://www.chicken-cage.com

 

Welcome to GREAT FARM, if you have any questions, please leave a message and feel free to contact us.

Tel: +86 371 5517 0327

Phone/WhatApp: +86 181 3782 2989

Email: info@great-farm.com

Home page: https://www.great-farm.com

 

Welcome To Visit Our Store:

On Alibaba: https://jinhuinongye.en.alibaba.com

On AliExpress: https://www.aliexpress.com/store/1504269

 

Company Product Website:

https://www.sheepcattle.com

https://www.chicken-cage.com

https://www.jhfarming.com

 

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